️ Claude Code vs Codex CLI

12-dimension technical comparison

Claude Code

Anthropic

Closed source

TypeScript/Bun

Codex CLI

OpenAI

Apache 2.0 Open

Rust + TypeScript

12-Dimension Comparison

DimensionClaude CodeCodex CLI
Open SourceClosed (leaked)Apache 2.0
Core LanguageTypeScript/BunRust + TypeScript
Default ModelClaude Opus 4.6GPT-5.4
Context Window1M (standard pricing)1M (2× after 272K)
Tools Count54~12
Multi-Agent3 routes (Coordinator/Swarm/InProcess)Single Agent
Memory System4-layer architectureSimple cache
Remote ControlBridge (3-gen)None
Autonomous ModeKAIROSLimited
Plugin EcosystemMCP (7 transports)None
Code Size~394K lines~50K lines
SandboxApp-layer Hook chainOS kernel (Seatbelt/Landlock)

Architecture Philosophy

Claude Code: Supervised Autonomy

  • Plan Mode for pre-execution review
  • 17 Hook lifecycle events
  • 3-tier permission (Allow/Deny/Ask)
  • AI classifier assistance
  • Default: Ask first, then do

Codex CLI: Unsupervised Autonomy

  • Full-Auto mode (--full-auto)
  • Cloud "fire-and-forget" execution
  • 3-tier sandbox (coarse grain)
  • Session Resume
  • Default: Do first, report later

Sandbox Security

AspectClaude CodeCodex CLI
Isolation LayerApplicationOS Kernel
Bypass DifficultyMediumVery High
ProgrammabilityVery High (17 Hooks)Low (3 modes)
Network ControlHook-levelKernel default-off
Enterprise CustomRich (Policy API)Limited (Config)

Pricing Comparison

TierClaude CodeCodex CLI
EntryPro $20/moPlus $20/mo
Heavy UserMax $100-200/moAPI pay-as-you-go
API InputSonnet: $3/M, Opus: $5/MGPT-5.4: $1.25/M
API OutputSonnet: $15/M, Opus: $25/MGPT-5.4: $10/M
Cache Read-90% ($0.50/M for Opus)Native support

When to Choose Each

Choose Claude Code for:

  • Complex code refactoring and architecture design
  • React/frontend component development
  • Large codebase deep analysis
  • Enterprise security customization

Choose Codex CLI for:

  • DevOps/infrastructure scripting
  • CI/CD automation pipelines
  • Budget-sensitive batch tasks (3-4× token efficiency)
  • Security-critical environments (kernel sandbox)
  • Open source audit and customization needs